2d digital image capture system, frame speed, and simulating 3d digital image sequence

ABSTRACT

A system to capture a plurality of two dimensional digital source images of a scene by a user, including a smart device having a memory device for storing an instruction, a processor in communication with the memory and configured to execute the instruction, a plurality of digital image capture devices in communication with the processor and each image capture device configured to capture a digital image of the scene, the plurality of digital image capture devices positioned linearly in series, wherein a first digital image capture devices, a second digital image capture devices, and any remaining the plurality of digital image capture devices are evenly spaced therebetween, and a display in communication with the processor, the display configured to display a multidimensional digital image sequence.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

To the full extent permitted by law, the present United StatesNon-Provisional patent application claims priority to and the fullbenefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63/113,714, filed on Nov.13, 2020 entitled “SMART DEVICE IMAGE CAPTURE SYSTEM, APP, & DISPLAY OFDIFY DIGITAL MULTI-DIMENSIONAL IMAGE SEQUENCE” (CPA10); and U.S.Provisional Application No. 63/129,014, filed on Dec. 22, 2020 entitled“GENERATING A 3-D IMAGE FROM A SEQUENCE OF 2-D IMAGE FRAMES AND METHODSOF USE” (CPA11). This application is also a continuation-in-part of U.S.Non-Provisional application Ser. No. 17/355,906, filed on Jun. 23, 2021,entitled “2D IMAGE CAPTURE SYSTEM & SIMULATING 3D IMAGE SEQUENCE” (RA5).This application is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. Design patentapplication No. 29/720,105, filed on Jan. 9, 2020 entitled “LINEARINTRAOCULAR WIDTH CAMERAS” (DA); U.S. Design patent application No.29/726,221, filed on Mar. 2, 2020 entitled “INTERPUPILARY DISTANCE WIDTHCAMERAS” (DA2); U.S. Design patent application No. 29/728,152, filed onMar. 16, 2020, entitled “INTERPUPILARY DISTANCE WIDTH CAMERAS” (DA3);U.S. Design patent application No. 29/733,453, filed on May 1, 2020,entitled “INTERPUPILLARY DISTANCE WIDTH CAMERAS 11 PRO” (DA4); U.S.Design patent application No. 29/778,683, filed on Apr. 14, 2021entitled “INTERPUPILLARY DISTANCE WIDTH CAMERAS BASIC” (DA5). Thisapplication is related to International Application No.PCT/IB2020/050604, filed on Jan. 27, 2020, entitled “Method and Systemfor Simulating a 3-Dimensional Image Sequence”. The foregoing isincorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE

The present disclosure is directed to 2D image capture, imageprocessing, and simulating display of a 3D or multi-dimensional imagesequence.

BACKGROUND

The human visual system (HVS) relies on two dimensional images tointerpret three dimensional fields of view. By utilizing the mechanismswith the HVS we create images/scenes that are compatible with the HVS.

Mismatches between the point at which the eyes must converge and thedistance to which they must focus when viewing a 3D image have negativeconsequences. While 3D imagery has proven popular and useful for movies,digital advertising, many other applications may be utilized if viewersare enabled to view 3D images without wearing specialized glasses or aheadset, which is a well-known problem. Misalignment in these systemsresults in jumping images, out of focus, or fuzzy features when viewingthe digital multidimensional images. The viewing of these images canlead to headaches and nausea.

In natural viewing, images arrive at the eyes with varying binoculardisparity, so that as viewers look from one point in the visual scene toanother, they must adjust their eyes' vergence. The distance at whichthe lines of sight intersect is the vergence distance. Failure toconverge at that distance results in double images. The viewer alsoadjusts the focal power of the lens in each eye (i.e., accommodates)appropriately for the fixated part of the scene. The distance to whichthe eye must be focused is the accommodative distance. Failure toaccommodate to that distance results in blurred images. Vergence andaccommodation responses are coupled in the brain, specifically, changesin vergence drive changes in accommodation and changes in accommodationdrive changes in vergence. Such coupling is advantageous in naturalviewing because vergence and accommodative distances are nearly alwaysidentical.

In 3D images, images have varying binocular disparity therebystimulating changes in vergence as happens in natural viewing. But theaccommodative distance remains fixed at the display distance from theviewer, so the natural correlation between vergence and accommodativedistance is disrupted, leading to the so-called vergence-accommodationconflict. The conflict causes several problems. Firstly, differingdisparity and focus information cause perceptual depth distortions.Secondly, viewers experience difficulties in simultaneously fusing andfocusing on key subject within the image. Finally, attempting to adjustvergence and accommodation separately causes visual discomfort andfatigue in viewers.

Recently, a subset of photographers is utilizing 1980s cameras such asNIMSLO and NASHIKA 3D 35 mm analog film cameras or digital camera movedbetween a plurality of points to take multiple frames of a scene,develop the film of the multiple frames from the analog camera, uploadimages into image software, such as PHOTOSHOP, and arrange images tocreate a wiggle gram, moving GIF effect.

Therefore, it is readily apparent that there is a recognizable unmetneed for a smart device having an integrated 2D digital image capturesystem, image manipulation application, & display of 3D digital imagesequence that may be configured to address at least some aspects of theproblems discussed above.

SUMMARY

Briefly described, in an example embodiment, the present disclosure mayovercome the above-mentioned disadvantages and may meet the recognizedneed for a system to capture a plurality of two dimensional digitalsource images of a scene by a user, including a smart device having amemory device for storing an instruction, a processor in communicationwith the memory and configured to execute the instruction, a pluralityof digital image capture devices in communication with the processor andeach image capture device configured to capture a digital image of thescene, the plurality of digital image capture devices positionedlinearly in series within approximately an interpupillary distance,wherein a first digital image capture devices is centered proximate afirst end of the interpupillary distance, a second digital image capturedevices is centered on a second end of the interpupillary distance, andany remaining the plurality of digital image capture devices are evenlyspaced therebetween, and a display in communication with the processor,the display configured to display a simulated multidimensional digitalimage sequence.

Accordingly, a feature of the system and methods of use is its abilityto capture a plurality of images of a scene with 2D capture devicespositioned approximately an intraocular or interpupillary distance widthIPD apart (distance between pupils of human visual system).

Accordingly, a feature of the system and methods of use is its abilityto convert input 2D source images into multi-dimensional/multi-spectralimage sequence. The output image follows the rule of a “key subjectpoint” maintained within an optimum parallax to maintain a clear andsharp image.

Accordingly, a feature of the system and methods of use is its abilityto utilize existing viewing devices to display simulatedmultidimensional digital image sequence.

Accordingly, a feature of the system and methods of use is its abilityof taking, viewing, and sending over the internet multidimensionaldigital image sequence. This self-contained system can be integratedinto a smart phone, tablet or used with external devices. A series of 4camera lens allow us to produce a special motion parallax image, DIGY,that can be viewed without a special screen. The system can be used in afully automated mode or in manual for operator inter-action with thescene.

Another feature of the digital multi-dimensional image platform basedsystem and methods of use is the ability to produce digitalmulti-dimensional images that can be viewed on viewing screens, such asmobile and stationary phones, smart phones (including iPhone), tablets,computers, laptops, monitors and other displays and/or special outputdevices, directly without 3D glasses or a headset.

In an exemplary embodiment a system to A system to simulate a 3D imagesequence from a series of 2D images of a scene, including a smart devicehaving a memory device for storing an instruction, a processor incommunication with the memory device configured to execute theinstruction, a plurality of digital image capture devices incommunication with the processor, the plurality of digital image capturedevices positioned linearly in series within approximately aninterpupillary distance width, wherein a first digital image capturedevices is centered proximate a first end of the interpupillary distancewidth, a second digital image capture devices is centered on a secondend of the interpupillary distance width, and any remaining theplurality of digital image capture devices are evenly spacedtherebetween to capture the series of 2D images of the scene, and a keysubject point is identified in the series of 2D images of the scene, andeach of the series of 2D images of the scene is aligned to the keysubject point, and all other points in the series of 2D images of thescene shift based on a spacing of the plurality of digital image capturedevices to generate a modified sequence of 2D images.

In another exemplary embodiment of a method of generating a 3D imagesequence from a series of 2D images of a scene, including providing asmart device having a memory device for storing an instruction, aprocessor in communication with the memory device configured to executethe instruction, a plurality of digital image capture devices incommunication with the processor, the plurality of digital image capturedevices positioned linearly in series within approximately aninterpupillary distance width, wherein a first digital image capturedevices is centered proximate a first end of the interpupillary distancewidth, a second digital image capture devices is centered on a secondend of the interpupillary distance width, and any remaining theplurality of digital image capture devices are evenly spacedtherebetween to capture the series of 2D images of the scene, a displayin communication with the processor; and identifying a key subject pointin the series of 2D images of the scene, and each of the series of 2Dimages of the scene is aligned to the key subject point, and all otherpoints in the series of 2D images of the scene shift based on a spacingof the plurality of digital image capture devices to generate a modifiedsequence of 2D images.

A feature of the present disclosure may include a system having a seriesof capture devices, such as two, three, four or more, such plurality ofcapture devices (digital image cameras) positioned in series linearlywithin an intraocular or interpupilary distance width, the distancebetween an average human's pupils, the system captures and stores two,three, four or more, a plurality of 2D source images of a scene, thesystem labels and identifies the images based on the source capturedevice that captured the image.

A feature of the present disclosure is the ability to overcome the abovedefects via another important parameter to determine the convergencepoint or key subject point, since the viewing of an image that has notbeen aligned to a key subject point causes confusion to the human visualsystem and results in blur and double images.

A feature of the present disclosure is the ability to select theconvergence point or key subject point anywhere between near or closeplane and far or back plane, manual mode user selection.

A feature of the present disclosure is the ability to overcome the abovedefects via another important parameter to determine Circle of Comfort(CoC), since the viewing of an image that has not been aligned to theCircle of Comfort (CoC) causes confusion to the human visual system andresults in blur and double images.

A feature of the present disclosure is the ability to overcome the abovedefects via another important parameter to determine Circle of Comfort(CoC) fused with Horopter arc or points and Panum area, since theviewing of an image that has not been aligned to the Circle of Comfort(CoC) fused with Horopter arc or points and Panum area causes confusionto the human visual system and results in blur and double images.

A feature of the present disclosure is the ability to overcome the abovedefects via another important parameter to determine gray scale depthmap, the system interpolates intermediate points based on the assignedpoints (closest point, key subject point, and furthest point) in ascene, the system assigns values to those intermediate points andrenders the sum to a gray scale depth map. The gray scale map togenerate volumetric parallax using values assigned to the differentpoints (closest point, key subject point, and furthest point) in ascene. This modality also allows volumetric parallax or rounding to beassigned to singular objects within a scene.

A feature of the present disclosure is its ability to utilize a keysubject algorithm to manually or automatically select the key subject ina plurality of images of a scene displayed on a display and producemultidimensional digital image sequence for viewing on a display.

A feature of the present disclosure is its ability to utilize an imagealignment, horizontal image translation, or edit algorithm to manuallyor automatically align the plurality of images of a scene about a keysubject for display.

A feature of the feature of the present disclosure is its ability toutilize an image translation algorithm to align the key subject point oftwo images of a scene for display.

A feature of the feature of the present disclosure is its ability togenerate DIFYS (Differential Image Format) is a specific technique forobtaining multi-view of a scene and creating a series of image thatcreates depth without glasses or any other viewing aides. The systemutilizes horizontal image translation along with a form of motionparallax to create 3D viewing. DIFYS are created by having differentview of a single scene flipped by the observer's eyes. The views arecaptured by motion of the image capture system or by multiple camerastaking a scene with each of the cameras within the array viewing at adifferent position.

In accordance with a first aspect of the present disclosure ofsimulating a 3D image sequence from a sequence of 2D image frames, maybe utilized to capture(ing) a plurality of 2D image frames (images) of ascene from a plurality of different observation points, wherein a firstproximal plane and a second distal plane is identified within each imageframe in the sequence, and wherein each observation point maintainssubstantially the same first proximal image plane for each image frame;determining a depth estimate for the first proximal and second distalplane within each image frame in the sequence, aligning the firstproximal plane of each image frame in the sequence and shifting thesecond distal plane of each subsequent image frame in the sequence basedon the depth estimate of the second distal plane for each image frame,to produce a modified image frame corresponding to each 2D image frameand displaying the modified image frames sequentially.

The present disclosure varies the focus of objects at different planesin a displayed scene to match vergence and stereoscopic retinaldisparity demands to better simulate natural viewing conditions. Byadjusting the focus of key objects in a scene to match theirstereoscopic retinal disparity, the cues to ocular accommodation andvergence are brought into agreement. As in natural vision, the viewerbrings different objects into focus by shifting accommodation. As themismatch between accommodation and vergence is decreased, naturalviewing conditions are better simulated, and eye fatigue is decreased.

The present disclosure may be utilized to determine three or more planesfor each image frame in the sequence.

Furthermore, it is preferred that the planes have different depthestimates.

In addition, it is preferred that each respective plane is shifted basedon the difference between the depth estimate of the respective plane andthe first proximal plane.

Preferably, the first, proximal plane of each modified image frame isaligned such that the first proximal plane is positioned at the samepixel space.

It is also preferred that the first plane comprises a key subject point.

Preferably, the planes comprise at least one foreground plane.

In addition, it is preferred that the planes comprise at least onebackground plane.

Preferably, the sequential observation points lie on a straight line.

In accordance with a second aspect of the present invention there is anon-transitory computer readable storage medium storing instructions,the instructions when executed by a processor causing the processor toperform the method according to the second aspect of the presentinvention.

These and other features of the smart device having 2D digital imagecapture system, image manipulation application, & display of 3D digitalimage sequence will become more apparent to one skilled in the art fromthe prior Summary and following Brief Description of the Drawings,Detailed Description of exemplary embodiments thereof, and claims whenread in light of the accompanying Drawings or Figures.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present disclosure will be better understood by reading the DetailedDescription of the Preferred and Selected Alternate Embodiments withreference to the accompanying drawing Figures, in which like referencenumerals denote similar structure and refer to like elements throughout,and in which:

FIG. 1A illustrates a 2D rendering of an image based upon a change inorientation of an observer relative to a display;

FIG. 1B illustrates a 2D rendering of an image with binocular disparityas a result of the horizontal separation parallax of the left and righteyes;

FIG. 2A is an illustration of a cross-section view of the structure ofthe human eyeball;

FIG. 2B is a graph relating density of rods and cones to the position ofthe fovea;

FIG. 3 is a top view illustration of an observer's field of view;

FIG. 4 is a side view illustration identifying planes of a scenecaptured using a camera or other capture device;

FIG. 5 is a top view illustration identifying planes of a scene and acircle of comfort in scale with FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a computer system of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a communications system implemented by thecomputer system in FIG. 1;

FIG. 8A is a diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a computing devicewith four image capture devices positioned vertically in series linearlywithin an intraocular or interpupillary distance width, the distancebetween an average human's pupils;

FIG. 8B is a diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a computing devicewith four image capture devices positioned horizontally in serieslinearly within an intraocular or interpupillary distance width, thedistance between an average human's pupils;

FIG. 8C is an exploded diagram of an exemplary embodiment of the fourimage capture devices in series linearly of FIGS. 8A and 8B;

FIG. 8D is a cross-sectional diagram of an exemplary embodiment of thefour image capture devices in series linearly of FIGS. 8A and 8B;

FIG. 8E is an exploded diagram of an exemplary embodiment of the threeimage capture devices in series linearly within an intraocular orinterpupillary distance width, the distance between an average human'spupils;

FIG. 8F is a cross-sectional diagram of an exemplary embodiment of thethree image capture devices in series linearly of FIG. 8E;

FIG. 9 is a diagram of an exemplary embodiment of human eye spacing theintraocular or interpupillary distance width, the distance between anaverage human's pupils;

FIG. 10 is a top view illustration identifying planes of a scene and acircle of comfort in scale with right triangles defining positioning ofcapture devices on lens plane;

FIG. 10A is a top view illustration of an exemplary embodimentidentifying right triangles to calculate the radius of the Circle ofComfort of FIG. 10;

FIG. 10B is a top view illustration of an exemplary embodimentidentifying right triangles to calculate linear positioning of capturedevices on lens plane of FIG. 10;

FIG. 10C is a top view illustration of an exemplary embodimentidentifying right triangles to calculate the optimum distance ofbackplane of FIG. 10;

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustration of an exemplary embodiment of ageometrical shift of a point between two images (frames), such as inFIG. 11A according to select embodiments of the instant disclosure;

FIG. 11A is a front top view illustration of an exemplary embodiment offour images of a scene captured utilizing capture devices shown in FIGS.8A-8F and aligned about a key subject point;

FIG. 11B is a front view illustration of an exemplary embodiment of fourimages of a scene captured utilizing capture devices shown in FIGS.8A-8F and aligned about a key subject point;

FIG. 12 is an exemplary embodiment of a flow diagram of a method ofgenerating a multidimensional image(s) sequence from the 2D digitalimages captured utilizing capture devices shown in FIGS. 8A-8F;

FIG. 13 is a top view illustration of an exemplary embodiment of adisplay with user interactive content to select photography options ofcomputer system;

FIG. 14A is a top view illustration identifying two frames capturedutilizing capture devices shown in FIGS. 8A-8F showing key subjectaligned as shown in FIG. 11B and near plane object offset between twoframes;

FIG. 14B is a top view illustration of an exemplary embodiment of leftand right eye virtual depth via object offset between two frames of FIG.14A; and

FIG. 15 is a top view illustration of an exemplary embodiment of adisplay with user interactive content to select photography options ofkey subject and frame per second for digital multi-dimensional imagesequence.

It is to be noted that the drawings presented are intended solely forthe purpose of illustration and that they are, therefore, neitherdesired nor intended to limit the disclosure to any or all of the exactdetails of construction shown, except insofar as they may be deemedessential to the claimed disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In describing the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, asillustrated in figures specific terminology is employed for the sake ofclarity. The present disclosure, however, is not intended to be limitedto the specific terminology so selected, and it is to be understood thateach specific element includes all technical equivalents that operate ina similar manner to accomplish similar functions. The claimed inventionmay, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not beconstrued to be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Theexamples set forth herein are non-limiting examples and are merelyexamples among other possible examples.

Perception of depth is based on a variety of cues, with binoculardisparity and motion parallax generally providing more precise depthinformation than pictorial cues. Binocular disparity and motion parallaxprovide two independent quantitative cues for depth perception.Binocular disparity refers to the difference in position between the tworetinal image projections of a point in 3D space. As illustrated inFIGS. 1A and 1B, the robust precepts of depth that are obtained whenviewing an object 102 in an image scene 110 demonstrates that the braincan compute depth from binocular disparity cues alone. In binocularvision, the Horopter 112 is the locus of points in space that have thesame disparity as the fixation point 114. Objects lying on a horizontalline passing through the fixation point 114 results in a single image,while objects a reasonable distance from this line result in two images116, 118.

Classical motion parallax is dependent upon two eye functions. One isthe tracking of the eye to the motion (eyeball moves to fix motion on asingle spot) and the second is smooth motion difference leading toparallax or binocular disparity. Classical motion parallax is when theobserver is stationary and the scene around the observer is translatingor the opposite where the scene is stationary, and the observertranslates across the scene.

By using two images 116, 118 of the same object 102 obtained fromslightly different angles, it is possible to triangulate the distance tothe object 102 with a high degree of accuracy. Each eye views a slightlydifferent angle of the object 102 seen by the left eye 104 and right eye106. This happens because of the horizontal separation parallax of theeyes. If an object is far away, the disparity 108 of that image 110falling on both retinas will be small. If the object is close or near,the disparity 108 of that image 110 falling on both retinas will belarge.

Motion parallax 120 refers to the relative image motion (between objectsat different depths) that results from translation of the observer 104.Isolated from binocular and pictorial depth cues, motion parallax 120can also provide precise depth perception, provided that it isaccompanied by ancillary signals that specify the change in eyeorientation relative to the visual scene 110. As illustrated, as eyeorientation 104 changes, the apparent relative motion of the object 102against a background gives hints about its relative distance. If theobject 102 is far away, the object 102 appears stationary. If the object102 is close or near, the object 102 appears to move more quickly.

In order to see the object 102 in close proximity and fuse the image onboth retinas into one object, the optical axes of both eyes 104, 106converge on the object 102. The muscular action changing the focallength of the eye lens so as to place a focused image on the fovea ofthe retina is called accommodation. Both the muscular action and thelack of focus of adjacent depths provide additional information to thebrain that can be used to sense depth. Image sharpness is an ambiguousdepth cue. However, by changing the focused plane (looking closer and/orfurther than the object 102), the ambiguities are resolved.

FIGS. 2A and 2B show the anatomy of the eye 200 and a graphicalrepresentation of the distribution of rods and cones, respectively. Thefovea 202 is responsible for sharp central vision (also referred to asfoveal vision), which is necessary where visual detail is of primaryimportance. The fovea 202 is the depression in the inner retinal surface205, about 1.5 mm wide and is made up entirely of cones 204 specializedfor maximum visual acuity. Rods 206 are low intensity receptors thatreceive information in grey scale and are important to peripheralvision, while cones 204 are high intensity receptors that receiveinformation in color vision. The importance of the fovea 202 will beunderstood more clearly with reference to FIG. 2B, which shows thedistribution of cones 204 and rods 206 in the eye 200. As shown, a largeproportion of cones 204, providing the highest visual acuity, lie withina 1.5° angle around the center of the fovea 202.

The importance of the fovea 202 will be understood more clearly withreference to FIG. 2B, which shows the distribution of cones 204 and rods206 in the eye 200. As shown, a large proportion of cones 204, providingthe highest visual acuity, lie within a 1.5° angle around the center ofthe fovea 202.

FIG. 3 illustrates a typical field of view 300 of the human visualsystem (HVS). As shown, the fovea 202 sees only the central 1.5°(degrees) of the visual field 302, with the preferred field of view 304lying within ±15° (degrees) of the center of the fovea 202. Focusing anobject on the fovea, therefore, depends on the linear size of the object102, the viewing angle and the viewing distance. A large object 102viewed in close proximity will have a large viewing angle fallingoutside the foveal vision, while a small object 102 viewed at a distancewill have a small viewing angle falling within the foveal vision. Anobject 102 that falls within the foveal vision will be produced in themind's eye with high visual acuity. However, under natural viewingconditions, viewers do not just passively perceive. Instead, theydynamically scan the visual scene 110 by shifting their eye fixation andfocus between objects at different viewing distances. In doing so, theoculomotor processes of accommodation and vergence (the angle betweenlines of sight of the left eye 104 and right eye 106) must be shiftedsynchronously to place new objects in sharp focus in the center of eachretina. Accordingly, nature has reflexively linked accommodation andvergence, such that a change in one process automatically drives amatching change in the other.

FIG. 4 illustrates a typical view of a scene S to be captured by acamera or digital image capture device, such as image capture module830. Scene S may include four planes defined as: (1) Lens frame isdefined as the plane passing through the lens or sensor (image capturemodule 830) in the recording device or camera, (2) Key Subject plane KSPmay be the plane passing through the focal point of the sensor in thescene (here couple in the scene, the Key Subject KS of the scene S), (3)Near Plane NP may be the plane passing through the closest point infocus to the lens plane (the bush B in the foreground), and (4) FarPlane FP which is the plane passing through the furthest point in focus(tree T in the background). The relative distances from image capturemodule 830 are denoted by N, Ks, B. Depth of field of the scene S isdefined by the distance between Near Plane NP and Far Plane FP.

As described above, the sense of depth of a stereoscopic image variesdepending on the distance between the camera and the key subject, knownas the image capturing distance or KS. The sense of depth is alsocontrolled by the vergence angle and the intraocular distance betweenthe capture of each successive image by the camera which effectsbinocular disparity.

In photography the Circle of Confusion defines the area of a scene Sthat is captured in focus. Thus, the near plane NP, key subject planeKSP and the far plane FP are in focus. Areas outside this circle areblurred.

FIG. 5 illustrates a Circle of Comfort (CoC) in scale with FIGS. 4.1 and3.1. Defining the Circle of Comfort (CoC) as the circle formed bypassing the diameter of the circle along the perpendicular to KeySubject plane KSP (in scale with FIG. 4) with a width determined by the30 degree radials of FIG. 3) from the center point on the lens plane,image capture module 830. (R is the radius of Circle of Comfort (CoC).)

Conventional stereoscopic displays forces viewers to try to decouplethese processes, because while they must dynamically vary vergence angleto view objects at different stereoscopic distances, they must keepaccommodation at a fixed distance or else the entire display will slipout of focus. This decoupling generates eye fatigue and compromisesimage quality when viewing such displays.

In order to understand the present disclosure certain variables, need tobe defined. The object field is the entire image being composed. The“key subject point” is defined as the point where the scene converges,i.e., the point in the depth of field that always remains in focus andhas no parallax differential in the key subject point. The foregroundand background points are the closest point and furthest point from theviewer, respectively. The depth of field is the depth or distancecreated within the object field (depicted distance from foreground tobackground). The principal axis is the line perpendicular to the scenepassing through the key subject point. The parallax or binoculardisparity is the difference in the position of any point in the firstand last image after the key subject alignment. In digital composition,the key subject point displacement from the principal axis betweenframes is always maintained as a whole integer number of pixels from theprincipal axis. The total parallax is the summation of the absolutevalue of the displacement of the key subject point from the principalaxis in the closest frame and the absolute value of the displacement ofthe key subject point from the principal axis in the furthest frame.

When capturing images herein, applicant refers refer to depth of fieldor circle of confusion and circle of comfort is referred to when viewingimage on the viewing device.

U.S. Pat. Nos. 9,992,473, 10,033,990, and 10,178,247 are incorporatedherein by reference in their entirety.

Creating depth perception using motion parallax is known. However, inorder to maximize depth while maintaining a pleasing viewing experience,a systematic approach is introduced. The system combines factors of thehuman visual system with image capture procedures to produce a realisticdepth experience on any 2D viewing device.

The technique introduces the Circle of Comfort (CoC) that prescribe thelocation of the image capture system relative to the scene S. The Circleof Comfort (CoC) relative to the Key Subject KS (point of convergence,focal point) sets the optimum near plane NP and far plane FP, i.e.,controls the parallax of the scene S.

The system was developed so any capture device such as iPhone, camera orvideo camera can be used to capture the scene. Similarly, the capturedimages can be combined and viewed on any digital output device such assmart phone, tablet, monitor, TV, laptop, or computer screen.

As will be appreciated by one of skill in the art, the presentdisclosure may be embodied as a method, data processing system, orcomputer program product. Accordingly, the present disclosure may takethe form of an entirely hardware embodiment, entirely softwareembodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects.Furthermore, the present disclosure may take the form of a computerprogram product on a computer-readable storage medium havingcomputer-readable program code means embodied in the medium. Anysuitable computer readable medium may be utilized, including hard disks,ROM, RAM, CD-ROMs, electrical, optical, magnetic storage devices and thelike.

The present disclosure is described below with reference to flowchartillustrations of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer programproducts according to embodiments of the present disclosure. It will beunderstood that each block or step of the flowchart illustrations, andcombinations of blocks or steps in the flowchart illustrations, can beimplemented by computer program instructions or operations. Thesecomputer program instructions or operations may be loaded onto a generalpurpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable dataprocessing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions oroperations, which execute on the computer or other programmable dataprocessing apparatus, create means for implementing the functionsspecified in the flowchart block or blocks/step or steps.

These computer program instructions or operations may also be stored ina computer-usable memory that can direct a computer or otherprogrammable data processing apparatus to function in a particularmanner, such that the instructions or operations stored in thecomputer-usable memory produce an article of manufacture includinginstruction means which implement the function specified in theflowchart block or blocks/step or steps. The computer programinstructions or operations may also be loaded onto a computer or otherprogrammable data processing apparatus (processor) to cause a series ofoperational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmableapparatus (processor) to produce a computer implemented process suchthat the instructions or operations which execute on the computer orother programmable apparatus (processor) provide steps for implementingthe functions specified in the flowchart block or blocks/step or steps.

Accordingly, blocks or steps of the flowchart illustrations supportcombinations of means for performing the specified functions,combinations of steps for performing the specified functions, andprogram instruction means for performing the specified functions. Itshould also be understood that each block or step of the flowchartillustrations, and combinations of blocks or steps in the flowchartillustrations, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-basedcomputer systems, which perform the specified functions or steps, orcombinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions oroperations.

Computer programming for implementing the present disclosure may bewritten in various programming languages, database languages, and thelike. However, it is understood that other source or object orientedprogramming languages, and other conventional programming language maybe utilized without departing from the spirit and intent of the presentdisclosure.

Referring now to FIG. 6, there is illustrated a block diagram of acomputer system 10 that provides a suitable environment for implementingembodiments of the present disclosure. The computer architecture shownin FIG. 6 is divided into two parts—motherboard 600 and the input/output(I/O) devices 620. Motherboard 600 preferably includes subsystems orprocessor to execute instructions such as central processing unit (CPU)602, a memory device, such as random access memory (RAM) 604,input/output (I/O) controller 608, and a memory device such as read-onlymemory (ROM) 606, also known as firmware, which are interconnected bybus 10. A basic input output system (BIOS) containing the basic routinesthat help to transfer information between elements within the subsystemsof the computer is preferably stored in ROM 606, or operably disposed inRAM 604. Computer system 10 further preferably includes I/O devices 620,such as main storage device 634 for storing operating system 626 andexecutes as instruction via application program(s) 624, and display 628for visual output, and other I/O devices 632 as appropriate. Mainstorage device 634 preferably is connected to CPU 602 through a mainstorage controller (represented as 608) connected to bus 610. Networkadapter 630 allows the computer system to send and receive data throughcommunication devices or any other network adapter capable oftransmitting and receiving data over a communications link that iseither a wired, optical, or wireless data pathway. It is recognizedherein that central processing unit (CPU) 602 performs instructions,operations or commands stored in ROM 606 or RAM 604.

It is contemplated herein that computer system 10 may include smartdevices, such as smart phone, iPhone, android phone (Google, Samsung, orother manufactures), tablets, desktops, laptops, digital image capturedevices, and other computing devices with two or more digital imagecapture devices and/or 3D display 608 (smart device).

It is further contemplated herein that display 608 may be configured asa foldable display or multi-foldable display capable of unfolding into alarger display surface area.

Many other devices or subsystems or other I/O devices 632 may beconnected in a similar manner, including but not limited to, devicessuch as microphone, speakers, flash drive, CD-ROM player, DVD player,printer, main storage device 634, such as hard drive, and/or modem eachconnected via an I/O adapter. Also, although preferred, it is notnecessary for all of the devices shown in FIG. 6 to be present topractice the present disclosure, as discussed below. Furthermore, thedevices and subsystems may be interconnected in different configurationsfrom that shown in FIG. 6, or may be based on optical or gate arrays, orsome combination of these elements that is capable of responding to andexecuting instructions or operations. The operation of a computer systemsuch as that shown in FIG. 6 is readily known in the art and is notdiscussed in further detail in this application, so as not toovercomplicate the present discussion.

Referring now to FIG. 7, there is illustrated a diagram depicting anexemplary communication system 700 in which concepts consistent with thepresent disclosure may be implemented. Examples of each element withinthe communication system 700 of FIG. 7 are broadly described above withrespect to FIG. 6. In particular, the server system 760 and user system720 have attributes similar to computer system 10 of FIG. 6 andillustrate one possible implementation of computer system 10.Communication system 700 preferably includes one or more user systems720, 722, 724 (It is contemplated herein that computer system 10 mayinclude smart devices, such as smart phone, iPhone, android phone(Google, Samsung, or other manufactures), tablets, desktops, laptops,cameras, and other computing devices with display 208 (smart device)),one or more server system 760, and network 750, which could be, forexample, the Internet, public network, private network or cloud. Usersystems 720-724 each preferably includes a computer-readable medium,such as random access memory, coupled to a processor. The processor, CPU702, executes program instructions or operations (application software624) stored in memory 604, 606. Communication system 700 typicallyincludes one or more user system 720. For example, user system 720 mayinclude one or more general-purpose computers (e.g., personalcomputers), one or more special purpose computers (e.g., devicesspecifically programmed to communicate with each other and/or the serversystem 760), a workstation, a server, a device, a digital assistant or a“smart” cellular telephone or pager, a digital camera, a component,other equipment, or some combination of these elements that is capableof responding to and executing instructions or operations.

Similar to user system 720, server system 760 preferably includes acomputer-readable medium, such as random access memory, coupled to aprocessor. The processor executes program instructions stored in memory.Server system 760 may also include a number of additional external orinternal devices, such as, without limitation, a mouse, a CD-ROM, akeyboard, a display, a storage device and other attributes similar tocomputer system 10 of FIG. 6. Server system 760 may additionally includea secondary storage element, such as database 770 for storage of dataand information. Server system 760, although depicted as a singlecomputer system, may be implemented as a network of computer processors.Memory in server system 760 contains one or more executable steps,program(s), algorithm(s), or application(s) 624 (shown in FIG. 6). Forexample, the server system 760 may include a web server, informationserver, application server, one or more general-purpose computers (e.g.,personal computers), one or more special purpose computers (e.g.,devices specifically programmed to communicate with each other), aworkstation or other equipment, or some combination of these elementsthat is capable of responding to and executing instructions oroperations.

Communications system 700 is capable of delivering and exchanging data(including three-dimensional 3D image files) between user systems 720and a server system 760 through communications link 740 and/or network750. Through user system 720, users can preferably communicate data overnetwork 750 with each other user system 720, 722, 724, and with othersystems and devices, such as server system 760, to electronicallytransmit, store, print and/or view multidimensional digital masterimage(s). Communications link 740 typically includes network 750 makinga direct or indirect communication between the user system 720 and theserver system 760, irrespective of physical separation. Examples of anetwork 750 include the Internet, cloud, analog or digital wired andwireless networks, radio, television, cable, satellite, and/or any otherdelivery mechanism for carrying and/or transmitting data or otherinformation, such as to electronically transmit, store, print and/orview multidimensional digital master image(s). The communications link740 may include, for example, a wired, wireless, cable, optical orsatellite communication system or other pathway.

Referring again to FIGS. 2A, 5, 8A-8F, and 14B for best results andsimplified math, the intraocular distance between the capture ofsuccessive images or frames of the scene S is fixed to match the averageseparation of the human left and right eyes in order to maintainconstant binocular disparity. In addition, the distance to key subjectKS is chosen such that the captured image of the key subject is sized tofall within the foveal vision of the observer in order to produce highvisual acuity of the key subject and to maintain a vergence angle equalto or less than the preferred viewing angle of fifteen degrees (15).

FIGS. 8A-8F disclose an image or frame capture system for capturing astereoscopic image (e.g., a 2D frame of a 3D sequence) of scene S, suchas FIG. 4. Here the image capture distance, the distance from the imagecapture system and points or planes in the scene S, such as key subjectKS and focal length of camera (i.e., zooming in and out) may be ideallyheld constant while capturing a stereoscopic image (e.g., a 2D frame ofa 3D sequence) of scene S; however, the vergence angle will varyaccordingly if the spacing between the capture devices of eachsuccessive stereoscopic image is kept constant.

Referring now to FIG. 8A, by way of example, and not limitation, thereis illustrated a computer system 10, such as smart device or portablesmart device having back side 810, a first edge, such as short edge 811and a second edge, such as long edge 812. Back side 810 may include I/Odevices 632, such as an exemplary embodiment of image capture module 830and may include one or more sensors 840 to measure distance betweencomputer system 10 and selected depths in an image or scene S (depth).Image capture module 830 may include a plurality or four digital imagecapture devices 831, 832, 833, 834 with four digital image capturedevices (positioned vertically, in series linearly within an intraocularor interpupillary distance width IPD (distance between pupils of humanvisual system within a Circle of Comfort relationship to optimizedigital multi-dimensional images for the human visual system) as to backside 810 or proximate and parallel thereto long edge 812. Interpupillarydistance width IPD is preferably the distance between an average human'spupils may have a distance between approximately two and a half inches,2.5 inches (6.35 cm), more preferably between approximately 40-80 mm,the vast majority of adults have IPDs in the range 50-75 mm, the widerrange of 45-80 mm is likely to include (almost) all adults, and theminimum IPD for children (down to five years old) is around 40 mm). Itis contemplated herein that plurality of image capture modules 830 andmay include one or more sensors 840 may be configured as combinations ofimage capture device 830 and sensor 840 configured as an integrated unitor module where sensor 840 controls or sets the depth of image capturedevice 830, whether different depths in scene S, such as foreground, andperson P or object, background, such as closest point CP, key subjectpoint KS, and a furthest point FP, shown in FIG. 4. For reference hereinplurality of image capture devices, may include first digital imagecapture device 831 centered proximate first end IPD IPD.1 ofinterpupillary distance width IPD, fourth digital image capture device834 centered proximate second end IPD.2 of interpupillary distance widthIPD, and remaining digital image capture devices second digital imagecapture device 832 and third digital image capture device 833 evenlyspaced therebetween first end IPD IPD.1 and second end IPD.2 ofinterpupillary distance width IPD, respectively.

It is contemplated herein that smart device or portable smart devicewith a display may be configured as rectangular or square or other likeconfigurations providing a surface area having first edge 811 and secondedge 812.

It is contemplated herein that digital image capture devices 831-834 orimage capture module 830 may be surrounded by recessed, stepped, orbeveled edge 814, each image capture devices 831-34 may be encircled byrecessed, stepped, or beveled ring 816, and digital image capturedevices 831-34 or image capture module 830 may be covered by lens cover820 with a lens thereunder lens 818.

It is contemplated herein that digital image capture devices 831-34 maybe individual capture devices and not part of image capture module.

It is further contemplated herein that digital image capture devices831-34 may be positioned anywhere on back side 810 and generallyparallel thereto long edge 812.

It is contemplated herein that image capture devices may includeadditional capture devices positioned within an intraocular orinterpupillary distance width IPD.

It is further contemplated herein that digital image capture devices831-34 may be utilized to capture a series of 2D images of the scene S.

Referring now to FIG. 8B, by way of example, and not limitation, thereis illustrated a computer system 10 or other smart device or portablesmart device having back side 810, short edge 811 and a long edge 812.Back side 810 may include I/O devices 632, such as an exemplaryembodiment of image capture module 830 and may include one or moresensors 840 to measure distance between computer system 10 and selecteddepths in an image or scene S (depth). Image capture module 830 mayinclude a plurality or four digital image capture devices 831, 832, 833,834 with four digital image capture devices (positioned vertically, inseries linearly within an intraocular or interpupillary distance widthIPD (distance between pupils of human visual system within a Circle ofComfort relationship to optimize digital multi-dimensional images forthe human visual system) as to back side 810 or proximate and parallelthereto short edge 812. It is contemplated herein that plurality ofimage capture modules 830 and may include one or more sensors 840 may beconfigured as combinations of image capture device 830 and sensor 840configured as an integrated unit or module where sensor 840 controls orsets the depth of image capture device 830, such as different depths inscene S, such as foreground, background, and person P or object, such asclosest point CP, key subject point KS, and furthest point FP, shown inFIG. 4. For reference herein plurality of image capture devices, mayinclude first digital image capture device 831 centered proximate firstend IPD IPD.1 of interpupillary distance width IPD, fourth digital imagecapture device 834 centered proximate second end IPD.2 of interpupillarydistance width IPD, and remaining image capture devices second digitalimage capture device 832 and third digital image capture device 833evenly spaced therebetween first end IPD IPD.1 and second end IPD.2 ofinterpupillary distance width IPD.

It is contemplated herein that digital image capture devices 831-34 orimage capture module 830 may be surrounded by recessed, stepped, orbeveled edge 814, each image capture devices 831-34 may be encircled byrecessed, stepped, or beveled ring 816, and image capture devices 831-34or image capture module 830 may be covered by lens cover 820 with a lensthereunder lens 818.

It is contemplated herein that digital image capture devices 831-34 maybe individual capture devices and not part of image capture module.

It is further contemplated herein that digital image capture devices831-34 may be positioned anywhere on back side 810 and generallyparallel thereto long edge 812.

It is further contemplated herein that digital image capture devices831-34 may be utilized to capture a series of 2D images of the scene S.

With respect to computer system 10 and image capture devices 830, it isto be realized that the optimum dimensional relationships, to includevariations in size, materials, shape, form, position, connection,function and manner of operation, assembly and use, are intended to beencompassed by the present disclosure.

In this disclosure interpupillary distance width IPD may have ameasurement of width to position digital image capture devices 831-334center-to-center within between approximately maximum width of 115millimeter to a minimum width of 50 millimeter; more preferablyapproximately maximum width of 72.5 millimeter to a minimum width of53.5 millimeter; and most preferably between approximately maximum meanwidth of 64 millimeter to a minimum mean width of 61.7 millimeter, andan average width of 63 millimeter (2.48 inches) center-to-center widthof the human visual system shown in FIG. 9.

Referring again to FIGS. 1A, 1B, 2A, 5, 9, 14B binocular disparity is astereognostic perception factor that occurs as a result of the averageseparation of the left and right eyes by approximately 64 mm. Whenbinocular disparity is comparatively large, the observer has the sensethat the distance to the key subject is relatively close. When thebinocular disparity is comparatively small, the observer has the sensethat the distance to the key subject KS is relatively far or large. Thevergence angle V refers to the angle between the left and right eyeshaving the key subject as a vertex when the eyes are focused on the keysubject KS. As the vergence angle increases (as both eyes rotateinward), the distance of the key subject KS is perceived by the observeras being relatively small. As the vergence angle decreases (as both eyesrotate outward), the distance of the key subject KS is perceived by theobserver as being relatively large.

Referring now to FIG. 8C, by way of example, and not limitation, thereis illustrated an exploded diagram of an exemplary embodiment of imagecapture module 830. Image capture module 830 may include digital imagecapture devices 831-834 with four image capture devices in serieslinearly within an intraocular or interpupillary distance width IPD, thedistance between an average human's pupil. Digital image capture devices831-834 may include first digital image capture device 831, seconddigital image capture device 832, third digital image capture device833, fourth digital image capture device 834. First digital imagecapture device 831 may be centered proximate first end IPD IPD.1 ofinterpupillary distance width IPD, fourth digital image capture device834 may be centered proximate second end IPD.2 of interpupillarydistance width IPD, and remaining digital image capture devices, such assecond digital image capture device 832 and third digital image capturedevice 833 may be positioned or evenly spaced therebetween first end IPDIPD.1 and second end IPD.2 of interpupillary distance width IPD. In oneembodiment each digital image capture devices 831-834 or lens 818 maysurrounded by beveled edge 814, encircled by ring 816, and/or covered bylens cover 820 with a lens thereunder lens 818.

It is further contemplated herein that digital image capture devices831-34 may be utilized to capture a series of 2D images of the scene S.

Referring now to FIG. 8D, by way of example, and not limitation, thereis illustrated a cross-sectional diagram of an exemplary embodiment ofimage capture module 830, of FIG. 8C. Image capture module 830 mayinclude digital image capture devices 831-834 with four image capturedevices in series linearly within an intraocular or interpupillarydistance width IPD, the distance between an average human's pupil.Digital image capture devices 831-834 may include first digital imagecapture device 831, second digital image capture device 832, thirddigital image capture device 833, fourth digital image capture device834. Each digital image capture devices 831-834 or lens 818 may besurrounded by beveled edge 814, encircled by ring 816, and/or covered bylens cover 820 with a lens thereunder lens 818. It is contemplatedherein that digital image capture devices 831-834 may include opticalmodule, such as lens 818 configured to focus light from scene S onsensor module, such as image capture sensor 822 configured to generateimage signals of captured image of scene S, and data processing module824 configured to generate image data for the captured image on thebasis of the generated image signals from image capture sensor 822.

It is contemplated herein that other sensor components 822 to generateimage signals for the captured image of scene S and other dataprocessing module 824 to process or manipulate the image data may beutilized herein.

It is contemplated herein that when sensor 840 is not utilized tocalculate different depths in scene S (distance from digital imagecapture devices 831-834 to foreground, background, and person P orobject, such as closest point CP, key subject point KS, and furthestpoint FP, shown in FIG. 4) then a user may be prompted to capture thescene S images a set distance from digital image capture devices 831-834to key subject point KS in a scene S, including but not limited to sixfeet (6 ft.) distance from closest point CP or key subject KS point of ascene S.

It is further contemplated herein that digital image capture devices831-34 may be utilized to capture a series of 2D images of the scene S.

Referring now to FIG. 8E, by way of example, and not limitation, thereis illustrated an exploded diagram of an exemplary embodiment of imagecapture module 830. Image capture module 830 may include digital imagecapture devices 831-833 with a plurality or three image capture devicesin series linearly within an intraocular or interpupillary distancewidth IPD, the distance between an average human's pupil. Digital imagecapture devices 831-833 may include first digital image capture device831, second digital image capture device 832, and third digital imagecapture device 833. First digital image capture device 831 may becentered proximate first end IPD IPD.1 of interpupillary distance widthIPD, third digital image capture device 833 may be centered proximatesecond end IPD.2 of interpupillary distance width IPD, and remainingimage capture devices, such as second digital image capture device 832may be centered on center line CL therebetween first end IPD IPD.1 andsecond end IPD.2 of interpupillary distance width IPDE. In oneembodiment each digital image capture devices 831-834 or lens 818 maysurrounded by beveled edge 814, encircled by ring 816, and/or covered bylens cover 820 with a lens thereunder lens 818.

It is further contemplated herein that digital image capture devices831-833 may be utilized to capture a series of 2D images of the scene S.

Referring now to FIG. 8F, by way of example, and not limitation, thereis illustrated a cross-sectional diagram of an exemplary embodiment ofimage capture module 830, of FIG. 8E. Image capture module 830 mayinclude digital image capture devices 831-833 with three image capturedevices in series linearly within an intraocular or interpupillarydistance width IPD, the distance between an average human's pupil.Digital image capture devices 831-833 may include first digital imagecapture device 831, second digital image capture device 832, and thirddigital image capture device 833. Each digital image capture devices831-833 or lens 818 may be surrounded by beveled edge 814, encircled byring 816, and/or covered by lens cover 820 with a lens thereunder lens818. It is contemplated herein that digital image capture devices831-833 may include optical module, such as lens 818 configured to focusan image of scene S on sensor module, such as image capture sensor 822configured to generate image signals for the captured image of scene S,and data processing module 824 configured to generate image data for thecaptured image on the basis of the generated image signals from imagecapture sensor 822.

It is contemplated herein that other sensor components to generate imagesignals for the captured image of scene S and other data processingmodule 824 to process or manipulate the image data may be utilizedherein.

It is contemplated herein that image capture module 830 and/or digitalimage capture devices 831-834 are used to obtain offset 2D digital imageviews of scene S. Moreover, it is further contemplated herein that imagecapture module 830 may include a plurality of image capture devicesother than the number set forth herein, provided plurality of imagecapture devices is positioned approximately within intraocular orinterpupillary distance width IPD, the distance between an averagehuman's pupil. Furthermore, it is further contemplated herein that imagecapture module 830 may include a plurality of image capture devicespositioned within a linear distance approximately equal tointerpupillary distance width IPD. Still furthermore, it is furthercontemplated herein that image capture module 830 may include aplurality of image capture devices positioned vertically (computersystem 10 or other smart device or portable smart device having shortedge 811), horizontally (computer system 10 or other smart device orportable smart device having long edge 812) or otherwise positionedspaced apart in series linearly and within approximately within a lineardistance approximately equal to interpupillary distance width IPD.

It is further contemplated herein that image capture module 830 anddigital image capture devices 831-34 positioned linearly within theintraocular or interpupillary distance width IPD enables accurate sceneS reproduction therein display 628 to produce a multidimensional digitalimage on display 628.

Referring now to FIG. 9, by way of example, and not limitation, there isillustrated a front facial view of a human with left eye LE and righteye RE and each having a midpoint of a pupil P1, P2 to illustrate thehuman eye spacing or the intraocular or interpupillary distance IPDwidth, the distance between an average human's visual system pupils.Interpupillary distance (IPD) is the distance measured inmillimeters/inches between the centers of the pupils of the eyes. Thismeasurement is different from person to person and also depends onwhether they are looking at near objects or far away. P1 may berepresented by first end IPD.1 of interpupillary distance width IPD andPS may be represented by second end IPD.2 of interpupillary distancewidth IPD. Interpupillary distance width IPD is preferably the distancebetween an average human's pupils may have a distance betweenapproximately two and a half inches, 2.5 inches (6.35 cm), morepreferably between approximately 40-80 mm, the vast majority of adultshave IPDs in the range 50-75 mm, the wider range of 45-80 mm is likelyto include (almost) all adults, and the minimum IPD for children (downto five years old) is around 40 mm).

It is contemplated herein that left and right images may be produce asset forth in FIGS. 6.1-6.3 from U.S. Pat. Nos. 9,992,473, 10,033,990,and 10,178,247 and electrically communicated to left pixel 550L andright pixel 550R. Moreover, 2D image may be electrically communicated tocenter pixel 550C.

Referring now to FIG. 10, there is illustrated by way of example, andnot limitation a representative illustration of Circle of Comfort (CoC)in scale with FIGS. 4 and 3. For the defined plane, the image capturedon the lens plane will be comfortable and compatible with human visualsystem of user U viewing the final image displayed on display 628 if asubstantial portion of the image(s) are captured within the Circle ofComfort (CoC). Any object, such as near plane N, key subject plane KSP,and far plane FP captured by two image capture devices, such as imagecapture devices 831-833 or image capture devices 831-834 (interpupillarydistance IPD) within the Circle of Comfort (CoC) will be in focus to theviewer when reproduced as digital multi-dimensional image sequenceviewable on display 628. The back-object plane or far plane FP may bedefined as the distance to the intersection of the 15 degree radial lineto the perpendicular in the field of view to the 30 degree line or R theradius of the Circle of Comfort (CoC). Moreover, defining the Circle ofComfort (CoC) as the circle formed by passing the diameter of the circlealong the perpendicular to Key Subject KS plane (KSP) with a widthdetermined by the 30 degree radials from the center point on the lensplane, image capture module 830.

Linear positioning or spacing of image capture devices, such as digitalimage capture devices 831-833, or digital image capture devices 831-834(interpupillary distance IPD) on lens plane within the 30 degree linejust tangent to the Circle of Comfort (CoC) may be utilized to createmotion parallax between the plurality of images when viewing digitalmulti-dimensional image sequence viewable on display 628, will becomfortable and compatible with human visual system of user U.

Referring now to FIGS. 10A, 10B, 10C, and 11, there is illustrated byway of example, and not limitation right triangles derived from FIG. 10.All the definitions are based on holding right triangles within therelationship of the scene to image capture. Thus, knowing the keysubject KS distance (convergence point) we can calculate the followingparameters.

FIG. 6A to calculate the radius R of Comfort (CoC).

R/KS=tan 30 degree

R=KS*tan 30 degree

FIG. 6B to calculate the optimum distance between image capture devices,such as image capture devices 831-833, or image capture devices 831-834(interpupillary distance IPD).

TR/KS=tan 15 degree

TR=KS*tan 15 degree; and IPD is 2*TR

FIG. 6C calculate the optimum far plane FP

Tan 15 degree=RB

B=(KS*tan 30 degree)/tan 15 degree

Ratio of near plane NP to far plane FP=((KS/(KS 8 tan 30 degree))*tan 15degree

In order to understand the meaning of TR, point on the linear imagecapture line of the lens plane that the 15 degree line hits/touches theComfort (CoC). The images are arranged so the key subject KS point isthe same in all images captured via plurality of images from imagecapture devices, such as digital image capture devices 831-833, ordigital image capture devices 831-834.

A user of image capture devices, such as digital image capture devices831-833, or digital image capture devices 831-834 composes the scene Sand moves the digital image capture devices 830 in our case so thecircle of confusion conveys the scene S. Since digital image capturedevices 830 are using multi cameras linearly spaced there is a binoculardisparity between the plurality of images or frames captured by linearoffset of digital image capture devices 830, such as digital imagecapture devices 831-833, or digital image capture devices 831-834. Thisdisparity can be change by changing digital image capture devices 830settings or moving the key subject KS back or away from digital imagecapture devices to lessen the disparity or moving the key subject KScloser to digital image capture devices to increase the disparity. Oursystem is a fixed digital image capture devices system and as aguideline, experimentally developed, the near plane NP should be nocloser than approximately six feet from digital image capture devices830.

Referring now to FIG. 12, there is illustrated process steps as a flowdiagram 1200 of a method of capturing plurality of 2D image(s) of sceneS, generating frames 1101-1104, manipulating, reconfiguring, processing,displaying, storing a digital multi-dimensional image sequence asperformed by a computer system 10, and viewable on display 628. Note inFIG. 37 some steps designate a manual mode of operation may be performedby a user U, whereby the user is making selections and providing inputto computer system 10 in the step whereas otherwise operation ofcomputer system 10 is based on the steps performed by applicationprogram(s) 624 in an automatic mode.

In block or step 1210, providing computer system 10 having digital imagecapture devices 830, display 628, and applications 624 as describedabove in FIGS. 1-11, to enable capture of a plurality of 2-dimensional(2D) images with a disparity due to spacing of digital image capturedevices 831-833, digital image capture devices 831-834, or the likewithin approximately an intraocular or interpupillary distance widthIPD, the distance between an average human's pupil, and displaying3-dimensional (3D) image sequence on display 628. Moreover, thesequential display of digital image(s) on display 628 (DIFY) whereimages(n) of the plurality of 2D image(s) of scene S captured by capturedevices 831-834 (n devices) are displayed in a sequential order ondisplay 628 as a digital multi-dimensional image sequence (DIFY).

In block or step 1215, computer system 10 via image capture application624 (method of capture) is configured to capture a plurality digitalimages of scene S via image capture module 830 having a plurality ofimage capture devices, such as digital image capture devices 831-833,digital image capture devices 831-834, or the like positioned in serieslinearly within an intraocular or interpupillary distance width IPD(distance between pupils of human visual system within a Circle ofComfort relationship to optimize digital multi-dimensional images forthe human visual system) capture a plurality of 2D digital sourceimages. Computer system 10 integrating I/O devices 632 with computersystem 10, I/O devices 632 may include one or more sensors 840 incommunication with computer system 10 to measure distance betweencomputer system 10 (image capture devices, such as digital image capturedevices 831-833, digital image capture devices 831-834) and selecteddepths in scene S (depth) such as Key Subject KS and set the focal pointof one or more digital image capture devices 831-834.

Alternatively, computer system 10 via image manipulation application 624and display 628 may be configured to operate in auto mode wherein one ormore sensors 840 may measure the distance between computer system 10(image capture devices, such as digital image capture devices 831-833,digital image capture devices 831-834) and selected depths in scene S(depth) such as Key Subject KS. Alternatively, in manual mode, a usermay determine the correct distance between computer system 10 andselected depths in scene S (depth) such as Key Subject KS.

It is recognized herein that user U may be instructed on best practicesfor capturing images(n) of scene S via computer system 10 via imagecapture application 624 and display 628, such as frame the scene S toinclude the key subject KS in scene S, selection of the prominentforeground feature of scene S, and furthest point FP in scene S, mayinclude identifying key subject(s) KS in scene S, selection of closestpoint CP in scene S, the prominent background feature of scene S and thelike. Moreover, position key subject(s) KS in scene S a specifieddistance from digital image capture devices 831-834 (n devices).Furthermore, position closest point CP in scene S a specified distancefrom digital image capture devices 831-834 (n devices).

Referring now to FIG. 13, there is illustrated by way of example, andnot limitation, touch screen display 628 enabling user U to selectphotography options of computer system 10. A first exemplary option maybe DIFY capture wherein user U may specify or select digital image(s)speed setting 1302 where user U may increase or decrease play back speedor frames (images) per second of the sequential display of digitalimage(s) on display 628 captured by capture devices 831-834 (n devices).Furthermore, user U may specify or select digital image(s) number ofloops or repeats 1304 to set the number of loops of images(n) of theplurality of 2D image(s) 1000 of scene S captured by capture devices831-834 (n devices) where images(n) of the plurality of 2D image(s) 1000of scene S captured by capture devices 831-834 (n devices) are displayedin a sequential order on display 628, similar to FIG. 11. Stillfurthermore, user U may specify or select order of playback of digitalimage(s) sequences for playback or palindrome sequence 1306 to set theorder of display of images(n) of the plurality of 2D image(s) 1000 ofscene S captured by capture devices 831-834 (n devices). The timedsequence showing of the images produces the appropriate binoculardisparity through the motion pursuit ratio effect. It is contemplatedherein that computer system 10 and application program(s) 624 mayutilize default or automatic setting herein.

Alternatively, in block or step 1215, user U may utilize computer system10, display 628, and application program(s) 624 to input, source,receive, or transmit digital multi-dimensional image sequence (DIFY) tocomputer system 10, such as via AirDrop or other application.

It is recognized herein that step 1215, computer system 10 via imagecapture application 624, image manipulation application 624, imagedisplay application 624 may be performed utilizing distinct andseparately located computer systems 10, such as one or more user systems720 first smart device, 722 second smart device, 724 smart device (smartdevices) and application program(s) 624. For example, using a camerasystem remote from image manipulation system, and remote from imageviewing system, step 1215 may be performed proximate scene S viacomputer system 10 (first processor) and application program(s) 624communicating between user systems 720, 722, 724 and applicationprogram(s) 624. Here, camera system may be positioned or stationed tocapture segments of different viewpoints of an event or entertainment,such as scene S. Next, via communications link 740 and/or network 750,or 5G computer systems 10 and application program(s) 624 via more usersystems 720, 722, 724 may capture and transmit a plurality of digitalimages of scene S as digital multi-dimensional image sequence (DIFY) ofscene S sets of images(n) of scene S from capture devices 831-834 (ndevices) relative to key subject KS point.

As an example, a basket, batter's box, goal, position player, concertsinger, lead instrument, or other entertainment or event space, orpersonnel as scene S, may be configured with a plurality capture device831-834 (n devices) of scene S from specific advantage points. Computersystem 10 via image capture application 624 may be utilized to analyzeevents to determine correct outcome, such as instant replay or videoassistance referee (VAR). This computer system 10 via image captureapplication 624 may be utilized to capture a plurality of digital imagesof scene S as digital multi-dimensional image sequence (DIFY) of sceneS. Computer system 10 via image capture application 624 may be utilizedto capture multiple sets of plurality of digital images of scene S andproduce multiple digital multi-dimensional image sequence (DIFY) ofentertainment or event space, as scene S.

An additional example, a vehicle vantage or viewpoint of scene S aboutthe vehicle, wherein a vehicle may be configured with a pluralitycapture devices 831-834 (n devices) of scene S from specific advantagepoints of the vehicle. Computer system 10 (first processor) via imagecapture application 624 and plurality capture devices 831-834 (ndevices) may be utilized to capture multiple two digital images of sceneS as digital multi-dimensional image sequence (DIFY) of scene S(plurality of digital images) from different positions around vehicle,especially an auto piloted vehicle, autonomous driving, agriculture,warehouse, transportation, ship, craft, drone, and the like.

Images captured at or near interpupillary distance IPD matches the humanvisual system, which simplifies the math, minimizes cross talk betweenthe two images, reduces fuzziness and image movement to produce digitalmulti-dimensional image sequence (DIFY) viewable on display 628.

Additionally, in block or step 1215, utilizing computer system 10,display 628, and application program(s) 624 (via image captureapplication) settings to align(ing) or position(ing) an icon, such ascross hair 814, of FIG. 13, on key subject KS of a scene S displayedthereon display 628, for example by touching or dragging image of sceneS, or touching and dragging key subject KS, or pointing computer system10 in a different direction to align cross hair 1310, of FIG. 13, on keysubject KS of a scene S. In block or step 1215, obtaining or capturingimages(n) of scene S from digital image capture devices 831-434 (ndevices) focused on selected depths in an image or scene (depth) ofscene S.

Additionally, in block or step 1215, integrating I/O devices 632 withcomputer system 10, I/O devices 632 may include one or more sensors 840in communication with computer system 10 to measure distance betweencomputer system 10/digital image capture devices 831-434 (n devices) andselected depths in scene S (depth) such as Key Subject KS and set thefocal point of one or more digital image capture devices 831-834. It iscontemplated herein that computer system 10, display 628, andapplication program(s) 624, may operate in auto mode wherein one or moresensors 840 may measure the distance between computer system 10 andselected depths in scene S (depth) such as Key Subject KS and setparameters of more digital image capture devices 831-834. Alternatively,in manual mode, a user may determine the correct distance betweencomputer system 10 and selected depths in scene S (depth) such as KeySubject KS. Or computer system 10, display 208 may utilize one or moresensors 840 to measure distance between computer system 10 and selecteddepths in scene S (depth) such as Key Subject KS and provide on screeninstructions or message (distance preference) to instruct user U to movecloser or father away from Key Subject KS or near plane NP to optimizeone or more digital image capture devices 831-834 and plurality ofimages captured.

In block or step 1220, computer system 10 via image manipulationapplication 624 is configured to receive a plurality of images of sceneS captured by digital image capture devices 831-834 (n devices) throughan image acquisition application. The image acquisition applicationconverts each image to a digital source image, such as a JPEG, GIF, TIFformat. Ideally, each digital source image includes a number of visibleobjects, subjects or points therein, such as foreground or closest pointassociated with near plane NP, far plane FP or furthest point associatedwith a far plane FP, and key subject KS. The near plane NP, far plane FPpoint are the closest point and furthest point from the viewer(plurality of capture devices 831 and 832, 833, or 834), respectively.The depth of field is the depth or distance created within the objectfield (depicted distance between foreground to background). Theprincipal axis is the line perpendicular to the scene passing throughthe key subject KS point, while the parallax is the displacement of thekey subject KS point from the principal axis, see FIG. 11. In digitalcomposition the displacement is always maintained as a whole integernumber of pixels from the principal axis.

It is recognized herein that step 1220, computer system 10 via imagecapture application 624, image manipulation application 624, imagedisplay application 624 may be performed utilizing distinct andseparately located computer systems 10, such as one or more user systems720, 722, 724 and application program(s) 624. For example, using animage manipulation system remote from image capture system, and remotefrom image viewing system, step 1220 may be performed remote from sceneS via computer system 10 (third processor) and application program(s)624 communicating between user systems 720, 222, 224 and applicationprogram(s) 624. Next, via communications link 740 and/or network 750, or5G computer systems 10 (third processor) and application program(s) 624via more user systems 720, 722, 724 may receive sets of plurality ofimages(n) of scene S from capture devices 831-834 (n devices) relativeto key subject KS point and transmit a manipulated plurality of digitalmulti-dimensional image sequence (DIFY) of scene to computer system 10(first processor) and application program(s) 624.

In block or step 1220A, computer system 10 via key subject, applicationprogram(s) 624 is configured to identify a key subject KS in each sourceimage, plurality of images of scene S captured by digital image capturedevices 831-834 (n devices). Moreover, computer system 10 via keysubject, application program(s) 624 is configured to identify (ing) atleast in part a pixel, set of pixels (finger point selection on display628) in one or more plurality of images(n) of scene S from digital imagecapture devices 831-834 (n devices) as key subject KS, respectively.Moreover, computer system 10 via key subject, application program(s) 624is configured to align source image, plurality of images of scene Scaptured by digital image capture devices 831-834 (n devices)horizontally about key subject KS; (horizontal image translation (HIT)as shown in 11A and 11B with a distance key Subject KS within a Circleof Comfort relationship to optimize digital multi-dimensional imagesequence 1010 for the human visual system.

Moreover, key subject point KS is identified in the series of 2D imagesof the scene S, and each of the series of 2D images of the scene isaligned to key subject KS point, and all other points in the series of2D images of the scene shift based on a spacing of the plurality ofdigital image capture devices to generate a modified sequence of 2Dimages.

Key subject KS may be identified in each plurality of images of scene Scaptured by digital image capture devices 831-834 (n devices)corresponds to the same key subject KS of scene S as shown in FIGS. 11A,11B, and 4. It is contemplated herein that a computer system 10, display628, and application program(s) 624 may perform an algorithm or set ofsteps to automatically identify subject KS therein the plurality ofimages of scene S captured by digital image capture devices 831-834 (ndevices). Alternatively, in block or step 1220A, utilizing computersystem 10, (in manual mode), display 628, and application program(s) 624settings to at least in part enable a user U to align(ing) or editalignment of a pixel, set of pixels (finger point selection), keysubject KS point of at least two images(n) of plurality of images ofscene S captured by digital image capture devices 831-834 (n devices).

Source images, plurality of images of scene S captured by digital imagecapture devices 831-834 (n devices) of scene S are all obtained withdigital image capture devices 831-834 (n devices) with the same imagecapture distance and same focal length. Computer system 10 via keysubject application 624 creates a point of certainty, key subject KSpoint by performing a horizontal image shift of source images, pluralityof images of scene S captured by digital image capture devices 831-834(n devices), whereby source images, plurality of images of scene Scaptured by digital image capture devices 831-834 (n devices) overlap atthis one point, as shown in FIG. 13. This image shift does two things,first it sets the depth of the image. All points in front of key subjectKS point are closer to the observer and all points behind key subject KSpoint are further from the observer.

Moreover, in an auto mode computer system 10 via image manipulationapplication may identify the key subject KS based on a depth map of thesource images, plurality of images of scene S captured by digital imagecapture devices 831-834 (n devices).

Computer system 10 via image manipulation application may identify aforeground, closest point and background, furthest point using a depthmap of the source images, plurality of images of scene S captured bydigital image capture devices 831-834 (n devices). Alternatively inmanual mode, computer system 10 via image manipulation application anddisplay 628 may be configured to enable user U to select or identify keysubject KS in the source images, plurality of images of scene S capturedby digital image capture devices 831-834 (n devices) of scene S. User Umay tap, move a cursor or box or other identification to select oridentify key subject KS in the source images, plurality of images ofscene S captured by digital image capture devices 831-834 (n devices) ofscene S, as shown in FIG. 13.

Horizontal image translation (HIT) sets the key subject plane KSP as theplane of the screen from which the scene emanates (first or proximalplane). This step also sets the motion of objects, such as bush B innear plane NP (third or near plane) and tree T in far plane FP (secondor distal plane) relative to one another. Objects in front of keysubject KS or key subject plane KSP move in one direction (left to rightor right to left) while objects behind key subject KS or key subjectplane KSP move in the opposite direction from objects in the front.Objects behind the key subject plane KSP will have less parallax for agiven motion.

In the example of FIGS. 11, 11A and 11B, each layer 1100 includes theprimary image element of input file images of scene S, such as image orframe 1101, 1102, 1103 and 1104 from digital image capture devices831-834 (n devices), respectively. Image acquisition application 624,performs a process to translate image or frame 1101, 1102, 1103 and 1104image or frame 1101, 1102, 1103 and 1104 is overlapping and offset fromthe principal axis 1112 by a calculated parallax value, (horizontalimage translation (HIT). Parallax line 1107 represents the lineardisplacement of key subject KS points 1109.1-1109.4 from the principalaxis 1112. Preferably delta 1120 between the parallax line 1107represents a linear amount of the parallax 1120, such as front parallax1120.2 and back parallax 1120.1.

Calculate parallax, minimum parallax and maximum parallax as a functionof number of pixel, pixel density and number of frames, and closest andfurthest points, and other parameters as set U.S. Pat. Nos. 9,992,473,10,033,990, and 10,178,247, incorporated herein by reference in theirentirety.

In block or step 1220B, computer system 10 via depth map applicationprogram(s) 624 is configured to create(ing) depth map of source images,plurality of images of scene S captured by digital image capture devices831-834 (n devices) and makes a grey scale image through an algorithm. Adepth map is an image or image channel that contains informationrelating to the distance of objects, surfaces, or points in scene S froma viewpoint, such as digital image capture devices 831-834 (n devices).For example, this provides more information as volume, texture andlighting are more fully defined. Once a depth map 1220B is generatedthen the parallax can be tightly controlled. For this computer system 10may limit the number of output frames to four without going to a depthmap. If we use four from a depth map or two from a depth map, we are notlimited by the intermediate camera positions. Note the outer digitalimage capture devices 831 and 834 are locked into the interpupillarydistance (IPD) of the observer or user U viewing display 628.

Moreover, computer system 10 via key subject, application program(s) 624may identify key subject KS based on the depth map of the source images.Similarly, computer system 10 via depth map application program(s) 624may identify Near Plane NP may be the plane passing through the closestpoint in focus to the lens plane (the bush B in the foreground), FarPlane FP which is the plane passing through the furthest point in focus(tree T in the background) a foreground, closest point and background,furthest point using a depth map of the source image.

Computer system 10 via depth map application program(s) 624 may beconfigured to define (step of defining) two or more planes for each ofseries of 2D images of the scene and one or more planes may havedifferent depth estimate. Computer system 10 via depth map applicationprogram(s) 624 may identify a first proximal plane, such as key subjectplane KSP and a second distal plane within the series of 2D images ofthe scene, such as Near Plane NP or Far Plane FP.

In block or step 1225, computer system 10 via frame establishmentprogram(s) 624 is configured to create frames are generated by a virtualcamera set at different angles. The angles for this device are set sothe outer extremes correspond to the angles subtend by the human visualsystem, i.e., the interpupillary distance.

In block or step 1225A, computer system 10 via frame establishmentprogram(s) 624 is configured to input or upload source images capturedexternal from computer system 10.

In block or step 1230, utilizing computer system 10 via horizontal andvertical frame DIF translation application 624 may be configured totransform each source image, plurality of images of scene S captured bydigital image capture devices 831-834 (n devices) requires a dimensionalimage format (DIF) transform (horizontally and vertically align). TheDIF transform is a geometric shift that does not change the informationacquired at each point in the source image, plurality of images of sceneS captured by digital image capture devices 831-834 (n devices) but canbe viewed as a shift of all other points in the source image, pluralityof images of scene S captured by digital image capture devices 831-834(n devices), in Cartesian space (illustrated in FIG. 11). As a plenopticfunction, the DIF transform is represented by the equation:

P′(u,v)×P′(θ,φ)=[P _(u,v)+Δ_(u,v)]×[P _(θ,φ)+Δ_(θ,φ)]

Where Δu,v=Δθ,ϕ

In the case of a digital image source, the geometric shift correspondsto a geometric shift of pixels which contain the plenoptic information,the DIF transform then becomes:

(Pixel)_(x,y)=(Pixel)_(x,y)+Δ_(x,y)

Moreover, computer system 10 via horizontal and vertical frame DIFtranslation application 624 may also apply a geometric shift to thebackground and or foreground using the DIF transform (horizontally andvertically align). The background and foreground may be geometricallyshifted according to the depth of each relative to the depth of the keysubject KS identified by the depth map 1220B of the source image,plurality of images of scene S captured by digital image capture devices831-834 (n devices). Controlling the geometrical shift of the backgroundand foreground relative to the key subject KS controls the motionparallax of the key subject KS. As described, the apparent relativemotion of the key subject KS against the background or foregroundprovides the observer with hints about its relative distance. In thisway, motion parallax is controlled to focus objects at different depthsin a displayed scene to match vergence and stereoscopic retinaldisparity demands to better simulate natural viewing conditions. Byadjusting the focus of key subjects KS in a scene to match theirstereoscopic retinal disparity (an intraocular or interpupillarydistance width IPD (distance between pupils of human visual system), thecues to ocular accommodation and vergence are brought into agreement.

Referring again to FIG. 4, viewing a DIFY, multidimensional imagesequence 1010 on display 628 requires two different eye actions of userU. The first is the eyes will track the closest item, point, or object(near plane NP) in multidimensional image sequence 1010 on display 628,which will have linear translation back and forth to the stationary keysubject plane KSP due to image or frame 1101, 1102, 1103 and 1104 isoverlapping and offset from the principal axis 1112 by a calculatedparallax value, (horizontal image translation (HIT)). This trackingoccurs through the eyeball moving to follow the motion. Second, the eyeswill perceive depth due to the smooth motion change of any point orobject relative to the key subject plane KSP and more specifically tothe key subject KS point. Thus, DIFYs are composed of one mechanicalstep and two eye functions.

A mechanical step of translating of the frames so the Key Subject KSpoint overlaps on all frames. Linear translation back and forth to thestationary key subject plane KSP due to image or frame 1101, 1102, 1103and 1104 may be overlapping and offset from the principal axis 1112 by acalculated parallax value, (horizontal image translation (HIT). Eyefollowing motion of near plane NP object which exhibits greatestmovement relative to the key subject KS (Eye Rotation). Difference inframe position along the key subject plane KSP (Smooth Eye Motion) whichintroduces binocular disparity. Comparison of any two points other thankey subject KS also produces depth (binocular disparity). Points behindkey subject plane KSP move in opposite direction than those points infront of key subject KS. Comparison of two points in front or back oracross key subject KS plane shows depth.

In block or step 1235, computer system 10 via palindrome application 626is configured to create, generate, or produce multidimensional digitalimage sequence 1010 aligning sequentially each image of images(n) ofscene S from digital image capture devices 831-834 (n devices) in aseamless palindrome loop (align sequentially), such as display insequence a loop of first digital image, image or frame 1101 from firstdigital image capture device 831 (1), second digital image, image orframe 1102 from second digital image capture device 832 (2), capturedevice 832, third digital image, image or frame 1103 from third digitalimage capture device 833 (3), fourth digital image, image or frame 1104from fourth digital image capture device 834 (4). Moreover, an alternatesequence a loop of first digital image, image or frame 1101 from firstdigital image capture device 831 (1), second digital image, image orframe 1102 from second digital image capture device 832 (2), capturedevice 832, third digital image, image or frame 1103 from third digitalimage capture device 833 (3), fourth digital image, image or frame 1104from fourth digital image capture device 834 (4), fourth digital image,image or frame 1104 from fourth digital image capture device 834 (4),third digital image, image or frame 1103 from third digital imagecapture device 833 (3), second digital image, image or frame 1102 fromsecond digital image capture device 832 (2), of first digital image,image or frame 1101 from first digital image capture device 831(1)—1,2,3,4,4,3,2,1 (align sequentially). Preferred sequence is tofollow the same sequence or order in which images were captured sourceimage, plurality of images of scene S captured by digital image capturedevices 831-834 (n devices) and an inverted or reverse sequence is addedto create a seamless palindrome loop.

It is contemplated herein that other sequences may be configured herein,including but not limited to 1,2,3,4,3,2,1 (align sequentially) and thelike.

It is contemplated herein that horizontally and vertically align(ing) offirst proximal plane, such as key subject plane KSP of each image ofimages(n) of scene S from digital image capture devices 831-834 (ndevices) and shifting second distal plane, such as such as foregroundplane, Near Plane NP, or background plane, Far Plane FP of eachsubsequent image frame in the sequence based on the depth estimate ofthe second distal plane for series of 2D images of the scene to producesecond modified set of 2D images.

Now given the multidimensional image sequence 1010, we move to observethe viewing side of the device.

It is contemplated herein that source images, plurality of images ofscene S captured by digital image capture devices 831-834 (n devices)match size and configuration of display 628 aligned to the key subjectKS point and within a calculated parallax range.

In block or step 1240, computer system 10 via image editing application624 is configured to crop, zoom, align, enhance, or perform editsthereto each image(n) of scene S from capture devices 831-834 (ndevices) or edit multidimensional digital image sequence 1010.

Moreover, computer system 10 and editing application program(s) 624 mayenable user U to perform frame enhancement, layer enrichment, animation,feathering (smooth), (Photoshop or Acorn photo or image tools), tosmooth or fill in the images (n) together, or other software techniquesfor producing 3D effects on display 628. It is contemplated herein thata computer system 10 (auto mode), display 628, and applicationprogram(s) 624 may perform an algorithm or set of steps to automaticallyor enable automatic performance of align(ing) or edit(ing) alignment ofa pixel, set of pixels of key subject KS point, crop, zoom, align,enhance, or perform edits of the plurality of images of scene S capturedby digital image capture devices 831-834 (n devices) or editmultidimensional digital image sequence 1010.

Alternatively, in block or step 1240, utilizing computer system 10, (inmanual mode), display 628, and application program(s) 624 settings to atleast in part enable a user U to align(ing) or edit(ing) alignment of apixel, set of pixels of key subject KS point, crop, zoom, align,enhance, or perform edits of the plurality of images of scene S capturedby digital image capture devices 831-834 (n devices) or editmultidimensional digital image sequence 1010.

Furthermore, user U via display 628 and editing application program(s)624 may set or choose the speed (time of view) for each frame and thenumber of view cycles or cycle forever as shown in FIG. 13. Timeinterval may be assigned to each frame in multidimensional digital imagesequence 1010. Additionally, the time interval between frames may beadjusted at step 1240 to provide smooth motion and optimal 3D viewing ofmultidimensional digital image sequence 1010.

Alternatively, in block or step 1240 and FIG. 15, utilizing computersystem 10, (in manual mode), display 628, and application program(s) 624settings to at least in part enable user U via touch screen display 628to input or select photography options of computer system 10. A firstexemplary option to adjust or select play back speed or frames persecond 1500, user U may specify or select digital image(s) speed setting1302 where user U may increase or decrease play back speed or frames(images) per second FPS of multidimensional digital image sequence 1010of scene S on display 628 captured by capture devices 831-834 (or ‘n’devices). For example, user U may utilize finger slider 1510 or otherfeedback function 1510 integrated in to touch screen display 628 orcomputer system 10 to adjust and set the frame speed for palindromeloop, multidimensional digital image sequence 1010 of scene S on display628. In a preferred embodiment the frame speed may be adjusted from one(1) 1501 to sixty (60) 1560 frames per second. A default frame speed maybe set at 0.04 s/frame or 25 frames per second. User U may adjustpalindrome loop play back speed or frames per second of multidimensionaldigital image sequence 1010 of scene S on display 628 via finger slider1510 and adjust (ing) or selecting play back speed or frames per secondanywhere from one (1) 1501 to sixty (60) 1560 frames per second to finduser U optimum or personal preferred viewing speed of palindrome loop,multidimensional digital image sequence 1010 of scene S on display 628.It is contemplated herein that other ranges of frames per second FPS,one (1) 1501 to sixty (60) 1560 frames per second, may be utilizedherein.

The standard DIGYs, may have a frame rate of 30 FPS or 0.03 s/frame fordigital image(s) captured by capture devices 831-834 (or ‘n’ devices) ormultidimensional digital image sequence 1010, so playback is super-fast.To compensate, an operator or user U may slow the frame rate down toapproximately ten (10) frames per second or around 0.10 s/frame byadjusting finger slider 1510 toward the left or toward one (1) 1501.

It is contemplated herein that a computer system 10, display 628, andapplication program(s) 624 may perform an algorithm or set of steps toautomatically or manually edit or apply effects to at least some of theplurality of images(n) of scene S from capture devices 831-834.

In block or step 1250, computer system 10 via image display application624 is configured to enable images(n) of scene S to display, viasequential palindrome loop, multidimensional digital image sequence 1010of scene S on display 628 for different dimensions of displays 628.Again, multidimensional digital image sequence 1010 of scene S,resultant 3D image sequence, may be output as a DIF sequence to display628. It is contemplated herein that computer system 10, display 628, andapplication program(s) 624 may be responsive in that computer system 10may execute an instruction to size each image (n) of scene S to fit thedimensions of a given display 628.

Moreover, user U may elect to return to block or step 1220 to choose anew key subject KS in each source image, plurality of images of scene Scaptured by digital image capture devices 831-834 (n devices) andprogress through steps 1220-1250 to view on display 628, via creation ofa new or second sequential loop, multidimensional digital image sequence1010 of scene S for new key subject KS.

In block or step 1250, multidimensional image sequence 1010 on display628, utilizes a difference in position of objects in each of images(n)of scene S from capture devices 831-834 (n devices) relative to keysubject plane KSP, which introduces a parallax disparity between imagesin the sequence to display multidimensional image sequence 1010 ondisplay 628 to enable user U, in block or step 1250 to viewmultidimensional image sequence 1010 on display 628.

Moreover, in block or step 1250, computer system 10 via outputapplication 624 may be configured to display multidimensional imagesequence 1010 on display 628 for one more user system 720, 722, 724 viacommunications link 740 and/or network 750, or 5G computer systems 10and application program(s) 624.

Display 628 may include display device (e.g., viewing screen whetherimplemented on a smart phone, PDA, monitor, TV, tablet or other viewingdevice, capable of projecting information in a pixel format) or printer(e.g., consumer printer, store kiosk, special printer or other hard copydevice) to print multidimensional digital master image on, for example,lenticular or other physical viewing material.

It is recognized herein that steps 1220-1240, may be performed bycomputer system 10 via image manipulation application 626 utilizingdistinct and separately located computer systems 10, such as one or moreuser systems 720, 722, 724 and application program(s) 626 performingsteps herein. For example, using an image processing system remote fromimage capture system, and from image viewing system, steps 1220-1240 maybe performed remote from scene S via computer system 10 or server 760and application program(s) 624 and communicating between user systems720, 722, 724 and application program(s) 626 via communications link 740and/or network 750, or via wireless network, such as 5G, computersystems 10 and application program(s) 626 via more user systems 720,722, 724. Here, computer system 10 via image manipulation application624 may manipulate plurality of images(n) of scene S from capturedevices 831-834 to generate multidimensional digital image sequence 1010aligned to the key subject KS point and transmit for displaymultidimensional digital image sequence 1010 to one or more user systems720, 722, 724 via communications link 740 and/or network 750, or viawireless network, such as 5G computer systems 10 or server 760 andapplication program(s) 624.

Moreover, it is recognized herein that steps 1220-1240, may be performedby computer system 10 via image manipulation application 624 utilizingdistinct and separately located computer systems 10 positioned on thevehicle. For example, using an image processing system remote from imagecapture system, steps 1220-1240 via computer system 10 and applicationprogram(s) 624 computer systems 10 may manipulate plurality of images(n)of scene S from capture devices 831-834 to generate a multidimensionaldigital image sequence 1010 aligned to the key subject KS point. Here,computer system 10 via image manipulation application 626 may utilizemultidimensional image sequence 1010 to navigate the vehicle throughscene S.

It is contemplated herein that computer system 10 via output application624 may be configured to enable display of multidimensional imagesequence 1010 on display 628 to enable a plurality of user U, in blockor step 1250 to view multidimensional image sequence 1010 on display 628live or as a replay/rebroadcast.

It is recognized herein that step 1250, may be performed by computersystem 10 via output application 624 utilizing distinct and separatelylocated computer systems 10, such as one or more user systems 720, 722,724 and application program(s) 624 performing steps herein. For example,using an output or image viewing system, remote from scene S viacomputer system 10 and application program(s) 624 and communicatingbetween user systems 720, 722, 724 and application program(s) 626 viacommunications link 740 and/or network 750, or via wireless network,such as 5G, computer systems 10 and application program(s) 624 via moreuser systems 720, 722, 724. Here, computer system 10 output application624 may receive manipulated plurality of two digital images of scene Sand display multidimensional image sequence 1010 to one more usersystems 720, 722, 724 via communications link 740 and/or network 750, orvia wireless network, such as 5G computer systems 10 and applicationprogram(s) 624.

Moreover, via communications link 740 and/or network 750, wireless, suchas 5G second computer system 10 and application program(s) 624 maytransmit sets of images(n) of scene S from digital image capture devices831-834 (n devices) relative to key subject plane KSP asmultidimensional image sequence 1010 on display 628 to enable aplurality of user U, in block or step 1250 to view multidimensionalimage sequence 1010 on display 208 live or as a replay/rebroadcast.

As an example, a basket, batter's box, goal, concert singer,instructors, entertainers, lead instrument, or other entertainment orevent space could be configured with capture devices 831-834 (n devices)to enable display of multidimensional image sequence 1010 on display 628to enable a plurality of user U, in block or step 735 to viewmultidimensional image sequence 1010 on display 208 live or as areplay/rebroadcast.

Referring to FIGS. 14A and 14B, there is illustrated by way of example,and not limitation, frames captured in a set sequence which are playedback to the eye in a set sequence and a representation of what the humaneyes perceives viewing the DIFY on display 628. Explanation of DIFY andits geometry to produce motion parallax. Motion parallax is the changein angle of a point relative to a stationary point. (Motion Pursuit).Note because we have set the key subject KS point all points inforeground will move to the right, while all points in the backgroundwill move to the left. The motion is reversed in a paledrone where theimages reverse direction. The angular change of any point in differentviews relative to the key subject creates motion parallax.

A DIFY is a series of frames captured in a set sequence which are playedback to the eye in the set sequence as a loop. For example, the playback of two frames (assume first and last frame, such as frame 1101 and1104) is depicted in FIG. 14A. FIG. 14A represents the position of anobject, such as a bush B in FIG. 4 on the near plane NP and its relationto key subject KS point in frame 1101 and 1104 wherein key subject KSpoint is constant due to the image translation imposed on the frames,frame 1101, 1102, 1103 and 1104. Frames, frame 1101, 1102, 1103 and 1104in FIGS. 11A and 11B may be overlapping and offset from the principalaxis 1112 by a calculated parallax value, (horizontal image translation(HIT) and preset by the spacing of digital image capture devices 831-834(n devices). FIG. 14B there is illustrated by way of example, and notlimitation what the human eye perceives from the viewing of the twoframes (assume first and last frame, such as frame 1101 and 1104 havingframe 1 bush B in near plane NP as point 1401 and frame 2 bush B in nearplane NP as point 1402) depicted in FIG. 14A on display 628 where imageplane or screen plane is the same as key subject KS point and keysubject plane KSP and user U viewing display 628 views virtual depthnear plane NP 1410 in front of display 628 or between display 628 anduser U eyes, left eye LE and right eye RE. Virtual depth near plane NP1410 is near plane NP as it represents frame 1 bush B in near plane NPas object in near plane point 1401 and frame 2 bush B in near plane NPas object in near plane point 1402, the closest points user U eyes, lefteye LE and right eye RE see when viewing multidimensional image sequence1010 on display 628.

Virtual depth near plane NP 1410 simulates a visual depth between keysubject KS and object in near plane point 1401 and object in near planepoint 1402 as virtual depth 1420, depth between the near plane NP andkey subject plane KSP. This depth is due to binocular disparity betweenthe two views for the same point, object in near plane point 1401 andobject in near plane point 1402. Object in near plane point 1401 andobject in near plane point 1402 are preferably same point in scene S,such as bush B at different views sequenced in time due to binoculardisparity. Moreover, outer rays 1430 and more specifically user U eyes,left eye LE and right eye RE viewing angle 1440 is preferablyapproximately twenty-seven (27) degrees from the retinal or eye axis.(Similar to the depth of field for a cell phone or tablet utilizingdisplay 628.) This depiction helps define the limits of the compositionof scene S. Near plane point 1401 and near plane point 1402 preferablylie within the depth of field, outer rays 1430, and near plane NP has tobe outside the inner cross over position 1450 of outer rays 1430.

The motion from X1 to X2 is the motion user U eyes, left eye LE andright eye RE will track. Xn is distance from eye lens, left eye LE orright eye RE to image point 1411, 1412 on virtual near image plane 1410.X′n is distance of leg formed from right triangle of Xn to from eyelens, left eye LE or right eye RE to image point 1411, 1412 on virtualnear image plane 1410 to the image plane, 628, KS, KSP. The smoothmotion is the binocular disparity caused by the offset relative to keysubject KS at each of the points user U eyes, left eye LE and right eyeRE observe.

For each eye, left eye LE or right eye RE, a coordinate system may bedeveloped relative to the center of the eye CL and to the center of theintraocular spacing, half of interpupillary distance width IPD, 1440.Two angles β and α are the angles utilized to explain the DIFY motionpursuit. β is the angle formed when a line is passed from the eye lens,left eye LE and right eye RE, through the virtual near plane 1410 to theimage on the image plane, 628, KS, KSP. Θ is β2−β1. While α is the anglefrom the fixed key subject KS of the two frames 1101, 1104 on the imageplane 628, KS, KSP to the point 1411, 1412 on virtual near image plane1410. The change in a represents the eye pursuit. Motion of the eyeballrotating, following the change in position of a point on the virtualnear plane. While β is the angle responsible for smooth motion orbinocular disparity when compared in the left and right eye. The outerray 1430 emanating from the eye lens, left eye LE and right eye REconnecting to point 1440 represents the depth of field or edge of theimage, half of the image. This line will change as the depth of field ofthe camera changes, each digital image capture devices 831-834.

$\frac{di}{f} = {Xi}$

If we define the pursuit motion as the difference in position of a pointalong the virtual near plane, then by utilizing the tangents we derive:

X2−X1=di/(tan∝1−tan∝2)

These equations show us that the pursuit motion, X₂−X₁ is not a directfunction of the viewing distance. As the viewing distance increases theperceived depth di will be smaller but because of the small angulardifference the motion will remain approximately the same relative to thefull width of the image.

Mathematically that the ratio of retinal motion over the rate of smootheye pursuit determines depth relative to the fixation point in centralhuman vision. The creation of the KSP provides the fixation pointnecessary to create the depth. Mathematically, then all points will movedifferently from any other point as the reference point is the same inall cases.

With respect to the above description then, it is to be realized thatthe optimum dimensional relationships, to include variations in size,materials, shape, form, position, movement mechanisms, function andmanner of operation, assembly and use, are intended to be encompassed bythe present disclosure.

Referring again to FIG. 13 and now to FIG. 15, there is illustrated byway of example, and not limitation, touch screen display 628 enablinguser U to select photography options of computer system 10. A firstexemplary option to adjust or select play back speed or frames persecond 1500, user U may specify or select digital image(s) speed setting1302 where user U may increase or decrease play back speed or frames(images) per second FPS of multidimensional digital image sequence 1010of scene S on display 628 captured by capture devices 831-834 (or ‘n’devices). For example, user U may utilize finger slider 1510 or otherfeedback function 1510 integrated in to touch screen display 628 orcomputer system 10 to adjust and set the frame speed for palindromeloop, multidimensional digital image sequence 1010 of scene S on display628. In a preferred embodiment the frame speed may be adjusted from one(1) 1501 to sixty (60) 1560 frames per second. A default frame speed maybe set at 0.04 s/frame or 25 frames per second. User U may adjustpalindrome loop play back speed or frames per second of multidimensionaldigital image sequence 1010 of scene S on display 628 via finger slider1510 and adjust (ing) or selecting play back speed or frames per secondanywhere from one (1) 1501 to sixty (60) 1560 frames per second to finduser U optimum or personal preferred viewing speed of palindrome loop,multidimensional digital image sequence 1010 of scene S on display 628.It is contemplated herein that other ranges of frames per second FPS,one (1) 1501 to sixty (60) 1560 frames per second, may be utilizedherein.

It is further contemplated herein that finger slider 1510 or otherfeedback function may include arrows up and down, radial selectionbuttons or the like integrated in to touch screen display 628 to enableuser U input or other feedback function of computer system 10 to enableuser U to increase or decrease (input) play back speed or frames persecond for palindrome loop, multidimensional digital image sequence 1010of scene S on display 628.

The standard DIGYs, may have a frame rate of 30 FPS or 0.03 s/frame fordigital image(s) captured by capture devices 831-834 (or ‘n’ devices) ormultidimensional digital image sequence 1010, so playback is super-fast.To compensate, an operator or user U may slow the frame rate down toapproximately ten (10) frames per second or around 0.10 s/frame byadjusting finger slider 1510 toward the left or toward one (1) 1501.

Furthermore, Optical Flow or similar software program may be utilized toexpand actual number of digital image(s) captured by capture devices831-834 (or ‘n’ devices) or multidimensional digital image sequence1010, and expand or interpolate (step of interpolating) digital image(s)captured by capture devices 831-834 (or ‘n’ devices) or multidimensionaldigital image sequence 1010 to a larger set of digital image(s), such asfifty (50) digital image(s) frames or more, by approximating orestimating per-pixel motion or change between frames, such as digitalimage(s) captured by capture devices 831-834 (or ‘n’ devices) ormultidimensional digital image sequence 1010 to generate at least one ormore additional digital image(s) between each two digital image(s)captured by capture devices 831-834 (or ‘n’ devices) or between each twodigital image(s) of multidimensional digital image sequence 1010.Additional digital image(s) frames added to digital image(s) captured bycapture devices 831-834 (or ‘n’ devices) or multidimensional digitalimage sequence 1010 creates a slow motion style effect to palindromeloop, as interpolated multidimensional digital image sequence 1010 ofscene S on display 628 and may have a playback speed near a cinematicframe rate of twenty-five (25) FPS.

The foregoing description and drawings comprise illustrativeembodiments. Having thus described exemplary embodiments, it should benoted by those skilled in the art that the within disclosures areexemplary only, and that various other alternatives, adaptations, andmodifications may be made within the scope of the present disclosure.Merely listing or numbering the steps of a method in a certain orderdoes not constitute any limitation on the order of the steps of thatmethod. Many modifications and other embodiments will come to mind toone skilled in the art to which this disclosure pertains having thebenefit of the teachings presented in the foregoing descriptions and theassociated drawings. Although specific terms may be employed herein,they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not forpurposes of limitation. Moreover, the present disclosure has beendescribed in detail, it should be understood that various changes,substitutions and alterations can be made thereto without departing fromthe spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined by the appendedclaims. Accordingly, the present disclosure is not limited to thespecific embodiments illustrated herein but is limited only by thefollowing claims.

1. A system to simulate a 3D image sequence from a series of 2D imagesof a scene, the system comprising: a smart device having a memory devicefor storing an instruction; a processor in communication with saidmemory device configured to execute said instruction; a plurality ofdigital image capture devices in communication with said processor, saidplurality of digital image capture devices positioned linearly inseries, wherein a first digital image capture devices a second digitalimage capture devices, and any remaining said plurality of digital imagecapture devices are evenly spaced therebetween to capture the series of2D images of the scene; and a key subject point is identified in theseries of 2D images of the scene, and each of the series of 2D images ofthe scene is aligned to said key subject point, and all other points inthe series of 2D images of the scene are configured to shift based on aspacing of said plurality of digital image capture devices to generate amodified sequence of 2D images.
 2. The system of claim 1, furthercomprising a display in communication with said processor, said displayconfigured to display said modified sequence of 2D images.
 3. The systemof claim 2, wherein said processor executes an instruction to generate amessage on said display to instruct a user to position said plurality ofdigital image capture devices a distance from said key subject point. 4.The system of claim 2, wherein said processor executes an instruction toenable a user to select a key subject point in the series of 2D imagesof the scene via an input from said display.
 5. The system of claim 1,wherein said processor executes an instruction to define two or moreplanes for each of the series of 2D images of the scene, wherein saidtwo or more planes have different depth estimate.
 6. The system of claim5, wherein said processor executes an instruction to identify a firstproximal plane and a second distal plane within the series of 2D imagesof the scene.
 7. The system of claim 6, wherein said processor executesan instruction to determine a depth estimate for said first proximalplane and said second distal plane within the series of 2D images of thescene.
 8. The system of claim 7, wherein said processor executes aninstruction to horizontally and vertically align said first proximalplane of each image in the series of 2D images and shifting the seconddistal plane of each subsequent image in the sequence based on saiddepth estimate of the second distal plane for the series of 2D images ofthe scene to produce a second modified set of 2D images.
 9. The systemof claim 8, wherein said two or more planes further comprising at leasta foreground plane and a background plane.
 10. The system of claim 9,wherein said processor executes an instruction to align said secondmodified set of 2D images sequentially in a palindrome loop as amultidimensional digital image sequence.
 11. The system of claim 10,wherein said processor executes an instruction to edit saidmultidimensional digital image sequence.
 12. The system of claim 11,wherein said processor executes an instruction to display saidmultidimensional digital image sequence on said display.
 13. The systemof claim 12, wherein said processor executes an instruction to enable auser to select a key subject point for said multidimensional digitalimage sequence via an input from said display.
 14. The system of claim13, wherein said processor executes an instruction to enable said userto select a frame speed for said multidimensional digital image sequencevia an input from said display.
 15. A method of generating a 3D imagesequence from a series of 2D images of a scene, the method comprisingthe steps of: providing a smart device having a memory device forstoring an instruction, a processor in communication with said memorydevice configured to execute said instruction, a plurality of digitalimage capture devices in communication with said processor, saidplurality of digital image capture devices positioned linearly inseries, wherein a first digital image capture devices, a second digitalimage capture devices, and any remaining said plurality of digital imagecapture devices are evenly spaced therebetween to capture the series of2D images of the scene, a display in communication with said processor;and identifying a key subject point in the series of 2D images of thescene, and each of the series of 2D images of the scene is aligned tosaid key subject point, and all other points in the series of 2D imagesof the scene are configured to shift based on a spacing of saidplurality of digital image capture devices to generate a modifiedsequence of 2D images.
 16. The method of claim 15, further comprisingthe step of generating a message on said display to instruct a user toposition said plurality of digital image capture devices a distance fromsaid key subject point.
 17. The method of claim 16, further comprisingthe step of enabling a user to select a key subject point in the seriesof 2D images of the scene via an input from said display.
 18. The methodof claim 15, further comprising the step of defining two or more planesfor each of the series of 2D images of the scene, wherein said two ormore planes have different depth estimate.
 19. The method of claim 18,further comprising the step of identifying a first proximal plane and asecond distal plane within the series of 2D images of the scene.
 20. Themethod of claim 19, further comprising the step of determining a depthestimate for said first proximal plane and said second distal planewithin the series of 2D images of the scene.
 21. The method of claim 20,further comprising the step of aligning horizontally and vertically saidfirst proximal plane of each image in the series of 2D images andshifting the second distal plane of each subsequent image in thesequence based on said depth estimate of the second distal plane forseries of 2D images of the scene to produce a second modified set of 2Dimages.
 22. The method of claim 18, further comprising the step ofidentifying at least a foreground plane and a background plane in saidtwo or more planes.
 23. The method of claim 21, further comprising thestep of aligning said second modified set of 2D images sequentially in apalindrome loop as a multidimensional digital image sequence.
 24. Themethod of claim 23, further comprising the step of editing saidmultidimensional digital image sequence.
 25. The method of claim 24,further comprising the step of displaying said multidimensional digitalimage sequence on said display.
 26. The method of claim 24, furthercomprising the step of transmitting said multidimensional digital imagesequence on said display.
 27. The method of claim 23, further comprisingthe step of interpolating said multidimensional digital image sequenceto create at least one additional 2D image between each digital image ofsaid multidimensional digital image sequence.
 28. The method of claim27, further comprising the step of displaying an interpolatedmultidimensional digital image sequence on said display.
 29. The methodof claim 23, further comprising the step of setting a frame rate oftwenty-five frames per second to display said multidimensional digitalimage sequence on said display.
 30. The method of claim 29, furthercomprising the step of selecting a key subject point for saidmultidimensional digital image sequence via an input from said display.31. The method of claim 30, further comprising the step of selecting aframe rate for said multidimensional digital image sequence via an inputfrom said display.
 32. The method of claim 31, further comprising thestep of displaying said multidimensional digital image sequence on saiddisplay.